Unix/Disk
ファイルシステムをRawレベルコマンドで操作する
デバイスイメージを作成
- 1GBのイメージにパーティションを作成
# dd if=/dev/zero of=raw.bin bs=1M count=1024 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 28.8497 s, 37.2 MB/s # fdisk raw.bin # 通常のデバイスと同様にパーティションを作成できる Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System raw.bin1 2048 2097151 1047552 83 Linux
loopデバイスを使う方法
- ファイルシステムを作成
# losetup -o $((512*2048)) /dev/loop0 raw.bin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/loop0 # mount /dev/loop0 /mnt
オフセットオプションの利用
- ファイルシステムを作成
# mkfs.vfat -F32 --offset 2048 raw.bin
- ファイルシステムとしてマウント
# mount -o offset=$((512*2048)) raw.bin mnt
- syslinuxでブートコードを書き込む
# syslinux -i raw.bin --offset $((512*2048))
HDDを診断する
0. ディスク情報確認
このあたりが要注意。
| 1 | Raw_Read_Error_Rate |
| 5 | Reallocated_Sector_Ct |
| 196 | Reallocation Event Count |
| 197 | Current_Pending_Sector |
| 198 | Offline_Uncorrectable |
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -a /dev/sda ... (省略) ... SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0 2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 139 139 054 Pre-fail Offline - 72 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 156 156 024 Pre-fail Always - 212 (Average 275) 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 11 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0 8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 121 121 020 Pre-fail Offline - 34 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 9558 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 40 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 40 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 122 122 000 Old_age Always - 49 (Lifetime Min/Max 25/58) 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
1. ショートテスト開始
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -t short /dev/sda smartctl version 5.38 [i486-slackware-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Sun Nov 15 22:20:21 2015 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Sun Nov 15 22:20:21 2015 にテスト終了予定。
2. テスト結果
時間まで待って結果を確認する
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -H smartctl version 5.38 [i486-slackware-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED # /usr/sbin/smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda smartctl version 5.38 [i486-slackware-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 9557 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 113 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 38 -
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update at 2024/10/09 19:28:37
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